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| 2019, Vol. 36,No. 3 Published:25 August 2019 |
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Research on Schemes for Producing National VI/Beijing VI Gasoline via Non-alkylation Route
Nan Xiaozhong, Zhao Zhifei
2019, 36 (3):
1.
DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1005-8168.2019.03.001
To meet the National VI gasoline standard, the mainstream view in China is to build an alkylation unit to produce alkylated oil with zero olefin or aromatics and then produce on-spec gasoline by dilution. Based on the analysis of alkylation technology, utilization of C4 hydrocarbons and domestic petrochemical resource market, producing National VI/Beijing VI gasoline via alkylated oil dilution should be the last resort for gasoline quality upgrade. According to the characteristics and operation of the processing units in a refinery, this paper analyzes the differences in the properties of blending components, and introduces some schemes for producing National VIA/VIB gasoline stage by stage such as rationally adjusting the proportion of FCC gasoline and reformed gasoline, adjusting the operation of FCC gasoline desulfurization unit, building an environmentally friendly isomerization unit, revamping the MTBE unit to produce ETBE, and carrying out online optimization of gasoline blending. The above-mentioned schemes, though complicated, start from quality upgrade and control and conform to the demand of China’s refining industry for refined management, reduction in oil products and increase in chemical products, providing reference for domestic refining enterprises to develop quality upgrade schemes for National VI gasoline.
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Analysis of Revamping Effect of a 1.4 Mt/a RFCC Unit
Li Yahua, Wang Jiakun, Xie Keqian, Yuan Xiaoyun, Dai Weiwei, Zhang Guolei
2019, 36 (3):
7.
DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1005-8168.2019.03.002
The reactor and regenerator in the 1.4 Mt/a RFCC unit at PetroChina Changqing Petrochemical Company are installed side by side with the same height. The reactor is designed with two-stage riser, and the regenerator is designed with fast fluidized bed and turbulent fluidized bed two-stage regeneration. During the operation of the unit, some problems emerged including the serious coking of the disengager, the large pressure drop in the main air and flue gas system and the high temperature hydrothermal deactivation of the catalysts. A series of effective measures were taken, such as the primary cyclone and secondary cyclone direct connection quick separation technology, the catalyst mixer technology at the bottom of riser and the improved fast fluidized bed and second dense bed regeneration technology, fundamentally solving the long cycle operation problem of the unit and improving the economic benefits.
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Investigation of Crude Gasoline Feed to Absorbing Column in FCC Unit
Duan Dan
2019, 36 (3):
10.
DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1005-8168.2019.03.003
Taking the absorption-stabilization sections in three FCC units as example, this paper uses Aspen plus to simulate the different theoretical plate positions of crude gasoline to the absorbing tower of FCC units. With similar C3 and C4 concentrations at the top of absorbing towers and with the constraints of minimum consumption of supplementary absorbent and minimum energy consumption (heat load and cooling load of reboiler) in the absorption-stabilization section, the three units have different propylene yields, different pressures of the oil and gas separators at the top of distillation towers and different propylene contents of crude gasoline. The results show that the optimum feed position of the crude gasoline to absorbing tower is jointly affected by the pressure of oil and gas separator at the top of distillation tower and the propylene content of crude gasoline. The higher the pressure is, the lower the feed position is, and this has nothing to do with the propylene yield. The higher the propylene content of crude gasoline is, the lower the optimum feed position of crude gasoline to absorbing tower is.
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Dynamic Performance Analysis of Frame Foundation of Centrifugal Compressors
Fan Guangzhao
2019, 36 (3):
14.
DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1005-8168.2019.03.004
In this paper, the frame foundation of centrifugal compressor in a practical project is taken as the prototype, and the parameters of column section size, roof thickness, concrete elastic modulus and column height are analyzed by STAAD-Pro. The effects of the four parameters on the natural frequencies, peak displacements and peak velocities of the frame foundation are given, which can provide reference for the design of this kind of foundation.
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Design of Cooling System for Butadiene Refrigeration Spherical Tank Farm
Tuo Xiaojie
2019, 36 (3):
20.
DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1005-8168.2019.03.005
Taking a butadiene refrigeration spherical tank farm as an example, this article discusses in detail the development of butadiene storage process flow, the determination of the flow of corresponding cooling system, the calculation of circulating cooling capacity, and the design and matching of the cooling system. The radiation heat transfer of cooling pipe is calculated as a supplement to the current specifications, the heat transfer between pump and materials is analyzed, and the recommended value is given. Experiences and ideas are provided for the process design of butadiene refrigeration spherical tank farm, and the key points in the process design of storage system for chemical liquid products such as butadiene, ethylene oxide and styrene which are prone to self-polymerization at atmospheric temperature are highlighted.
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A Research on Combination of WeChat Mini-apps and SEI Mobile Office Automation System
Tian Geng
2019, 36 (3):
23.
DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1005-8168.2019.03.006
This paper discusses the development and core concept of WeChat Mini-apps and finds out that it is highly harmonious with the SEI Mobile Office Automation System. Compared with other development methods, the advantages and disadvantages of the WeChat Mini-apps are introduced. Based on the demands of SEI Mobile Office Automation System, this paper discusses the feasibility and rationality of combing the WeChat Mini-apps and SEI Mobile OA System, and points out the problems need to be concerned.
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Application of Flow Integration and Low Temperature Oil Absorption Technology in Light Ends Recovery Unit
Zhang Zhumei
2019, 36 (3):
28.
DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1005-8168.2019.03.007
This paper introduces the application of flow integration and low temperature oil absorption technology in light ends recovery unit. Flow integration can fully recover the gases containing light hydrocarbons, and low temperature oil absorption technology can improve the light ends recovery rate and produce more LPG. In view of the characteristics of different gases containing light hydrocarbons, different light ends recovery process flow are selected to maximize the yield of desired products under different composition of gases containing light hydrocarbons. Refrigerant is used instead of cooling water as the cooling medium to reduce the temperature of absorption oil to 12~20℃, achieve low temperature absorption, improve absorption rate, eliminate the traditional diesel oil reabsorption process, thus reducing the investment and energy consumption.
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Application of INPLANT Software in Design of Cooling Water Pipe Network
Du Danchao
2019, 36 (3):
32.
DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1005-8168.2019.03.008
Cooling water system is an essential part of the utilities in refinery and has an important impact on the smooth operation, construction investment and operation cost of the units. Combining with a project case, this paper introduces a calculation method for cooling water pipe network by using INPLANT software. The comparison with the actual operation data of the units built shows that this software can be used to guide the optimization design of cooling water pipe network, so as to save investment and reduce energy waste.
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Application of P6 Software in Pre-commissioning and Commissioning Phases of Malaysian Project
Pang Chong
2019, 36 (3):
35.
DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1005-8168.2019.03.009
P6, engineering project management software with overall importance, can flexibly and conveniently manage the logical relationship and project duration during the construction of petrochemical projects with an incomparable powerful ability to record and track project dynamics compared with other management software. This paper introduces P6 software from the development of plans and the follow-up and control in pre-commissioning and commissioning phases, analyzes its strengths and weaknesses in petrochemical projects, and further discusses the development trend of P6 software in the future.
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Operational Status Analysis of 3.2 Mt/a Disproportionation and Transalkylation Unit
Sun Qiurong
2019, 36 (3):
39.
DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1005-8168.2019.03.010
This paper introduces the problems of high pressure drop, low total conversion of mixed aromatics and high hydrogen consumption in the reactor of disproportionation and transalkylation unit of a company. Although some operational suggestions were put forward to maintain the operation of the unit, the operating pressure of the reactor continued to rise, and the reactor was forced to shut down for maintenance after about 6 months. It was found that the diffuser at the reactor inlet was seriously damaged, the catalyst bed was seriously disturbed, and the catalysts were powdered and coked. The diffuser at the reactor inlet was repaired, the catalysts at the top of the reactor were discharged, screened and refilled, and some fresh catalysts were added. After the unit was restarted up, the operation parameters were still unsatisfactory, and the catalysts were replaced in August 2018. Then the total conversion of mixed aromatics, the total selectivity of benzene and C8 aromatics and the hydrogen consumption reached or surpassed the design value.
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Composite Foundation for Large Steel Oil Tanks
Jiang Hongbo, Zhang Weixiu
2019, 36 (3):
42.
DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1005-8168.2019.03.011
CFG piles, also known as cement fly-ash gravel piles, are made of cement, fly ash and gravel in proportion. Using fly ash, an industrial waste, as the main material to reinforce soft soil foundation not only meets the policy requirements of energy conservation and emission reduction in China, but also has good performance. It has been widely used for treating soft soil base. The project in this paper involves 6 heavy oil storage tanks with a capacity of 20,000 m3 each. CFG piles are used to reinforce the foundation soil, and the project has been operated for many years.
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Application of Sulfur Transfer Agent in FCC Unit
Xu Bujian, Wang Jiakun, Xie Lingdan, Zhang Yanfang
2019, 36 (3):
48.
DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1005-8168.2019.03.013
This paper introduces the feeding process of sulfur transfer agent injection system in FCC unit and its effect on the products. After the injection of sulfur transfer agent, the removal rate of SO2 in flue gas reaches 50.1%, and the proportion of flue gas sulfur in feed sulfur decreases from 2.81 wt% to 2.27 wt%. Meanwhile, the test run results of industrial tests show that the sulfur contents of dry gas and LPG increase significantly after adding sulfur transfer agent, and no adverse effects are found on the properties of LPG, gasoline and light diesel products. In addition, sulfur transfer agent has no significant negative effects on the particle size distribution, activity or selectivity of the catalysts in FCC unit. However, the use of sulfur transfer agent leads to changes in the process gas of sulfur recovery unit, and the latent sulfur in acidic gas reaches 107.5% of the normal value, so the sulfur recovery unit should be designed to have higher operating flexibility. When the SOx concentration in flue gas is high, the combination process of sulfur transfer agent and wet desulfurization can be adopted. The NaOH consumption can be reduced from 1217 kg/h to 486.8 kg/h, the saline sewage can be reduced from 19.06 t/h to 17.1 t/h, and the salt content can be reduced to 4.87%, so it can be discharged directly without installing sulfate crystallization facilities, thus reducing the unit cost.
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Research on Design of Bellow Expansion Joint for High Temperature Difference and Medium Pressure Heat Exchangers
Zhang Zheguang
2019, 36 (3):
52.
DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1005-8168.2019.03.014
The design of expansion joint for fixed tubesheet heat exchanger under severe conditions of large temperature difference and high pressure is discussed. The material selection, stress and specific structure design of expansion joint under such harsh working conditions are analyzed in detail, and the design methods and steps of expansion joints under such harsh working conditions are summarized. Through the analysis of specific cases, the method of adjusting wave height, curvature radius, wave number and the thickness and material of expansion joint is used in the calculation. The results show that using high strength alloys such as nickel-based alloys as the material of expansion joint, the optimized structure is not only reasonable but also economical. It provides references for the design of bellow expansion joints under similar working conditions.
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An Analysis Method for Loaded Capacity of Pipe Flange Assembly
You Zihan
2019, 36 (3):
60.
DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1005-8168.2019.03.016
Controlling the assembly bolt load and determining the maximum bolt seating stress is an effective solution to the flange joint leakage. Based on the WRC Bulletin 538, this paper introduces an evaluation method of the flange assembly, so as to determine the flange loaded capacity. Through examples, it is verified that the standard pipe flange has some loaded capacity allowance, which provides a vital basis for determining the maximum bolt seating stress and ensuring the overall tightness of the flange joint.
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Energy Saving Optimization of Crude Styrene Tower
Pei Jianing, Xu Yao, Guo Xiaoyuan
2019, 36 (3):
64.
DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1005-8168.2019.03.017
The distribution of energy consumption in ethylbenzene dehydrogenation process is briefly introduced, and multi-effect distillation is proposed as the energy saving measure. Aspen Plus is used to simulate three processes of crude styrene tower, i.e. single distillation, parallel-flow double-effect distillation and mixed-flow double-effect distillation. The results show that the energy-saving effect of the parallel-flow double-effect distillation is remarkable, and the energy consumption is reduced by about 11%-12%.
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Supervisor: China petrochemical corporation