The theory of hydraulic turbine and its application and process flow in heavy oil hydrotreating unit are briefly introduced, the process selection of rich amine turbine under different process schemes is discussed and compared from the aspects of theory, process and economics. An optimum process scheme is presented, providing a new thought for the application and selection of hydraulic turbine in hydrotreating unit.

Combined with design examples, the process design, including suction rate, pressure control and safe vacuum exhaust emissions, of the vacuum system for vacuum distillation of hydrocarbon mixtures are discussed in this paper, providing a rational and feasible method for optimizing the process design of vacuum system.

This article takes the relationship between design constraints and architectural creation as the research object, analyzes the unity of opposites between design constraints and architectural creation based on the law of the unity of opposites of materialist dialectics, finds out the methods to convert the opposition between them into unity, discusses the coping strategies if it is nonconvertible, and expounds the success or failure of architectural creation according to the analysis and discussion results. In a general environment where architectural creation seems difficult to achieve, architects should improve design ability, find inspirations from design constraints or adapt to the constraints in principle without fear of resistance, obstacles or failure, so as to finally complete the architectural creation.

This article gives a brief introduction of the typical storage and transportation process and control scheme of ethylene spherical tank farm, mainly discusses and summarizes the key points and difficulties in the storage and transportation process design such as the overpressure conditions of liquid ethylene piping system and the type selection and design schemes of safety relief valves, the determination of recovery capacity of boiled-off gas and the comparison of recovery plans, the treatment measures for low temperature ethylene flare gas discharge, the principles for pump configuration, the exhaust scheme and exhaust piping design of liquid phase conveying system and the precooling scheme for the first start-up of ethylene spherical tank farm, summarizes the common problems in design, emphasizes the notable issues and provides some solutions and reasonable suggestions.

With the wide application and development of hydrogenation technology，more and more high pressure Y-type valves are used for hydrogen medium. This paper introduces the material selection philosophy, the smelting of pressure-bearing casting and forging material, the manufacturing process and the property requirements for valves used in high temperature and low temperature hydrogen systems, as well as the technical requirements for construction design, manufacturing and machining of domestic valves.

This paper introduces the optimization scheme for spray cooling system of the 3000 m³ spherical tank in a project including optimizing the pipe diameter, spray nozzle and orifice. PIPENET software is used to simulate the spray cooling system before and after optimization, and the results show that the resistance loss and pressure required at inlet are reduced and the level of fire protection is improved.

Due to the particularity, diversity and complexity of the working conditions of chemical plants, the unreasonable value of action (load) attribute and the combination for action effects across time and space often occur. It is particularly important to determine the design conditions of transient design situation and accurately apply GB 50068-2018 Unified Standard for Reliability Design of Building Structures. Taking chemical engineering structure as the research object and GB 50068 as the criterion, this paper discusses the attributes of each working condition in the transient design situation of structures in chemical plant and the methods for determining the standard value, puts forward the combination for action effects, and summarizes the structural analysis approach and design methods for the transient design situation of chemical engineering structures.

In order to realize the digital delivery of design and management documents, so as to meet the requirements of intelligent integration, more and more engineering projects adopt Intergraph's SmartPlant Enterprise digital software system to complete a series of works such as engineering design, information management and material management. The software system includes SmartPlant 3D, SmartPlant Materials, SmartPlant P&ID, SmartPlant Instrumentation and SmartPlant Foundation. This paper discusses the application of SmartPlant Enterprise system in the design and management of projects.

In order to realize the online monitoring of the high calorific value, total sulfur content, hydrogen sulfide content, carbon dioxide content and water dew point of natural gas product in all the natural gas purification plants of PetroChina Southwest Oil and Gas Field Company, the application status of the online analyzers corresponding to these five quality indexes is analyzed and studied. Some suggestions are put forward on the configuration, type selection and application management of corresponding online analyzers to achieve the reasonable configuration and use of online analyzers for natural gas quality index monitoring, so as to accurately and quickly guide the operation adjustment of natural gas purification unit in real time and meet the quality indexes of natural gas product stipulated in GB 17820-2018 Natural Gas.

Low-voltage circuit breaker is significant in low-voltage distribution system. Various low-voltage circuit breakers are briefly compared in this paper. The parameters and characteristics of MCCB for motor protection and the differences between its over-current release and the over-current release for distribution protection are analyzed. The selection and setting methods for low-voltage circuit breaker for motor protection and its over-current release are summarized, and the steps of selection are discussed with examples.

The special valves in S Zorb unit have high switching frequency, special transmission medium and great change in working temperature and pressure, so imported valves are mostly used. However, faults such as internal leakage, jamming and over long switching time are inevitable during the long-term operation of valves. This paper analyzes the reasons for the faults of three special valves in the S Zorb unit of a company. Based on the similarity of the faults and referring to the particularity of the faults of valves from other manufacturers, some optimization measures and suggestions are put forward, which can effectively ensure the safe balance and long-term operation of the equipment.

Liquefied natural gas (LNG) gasifier is major piece of equipment in LNG terminal. Its normal operation determines the export capacity of the terminal to a certain extent. This paper introduces the types of LNG gasifier, and discusses the principles to be followed in the plane layout and piping design of LNG gasifier stipulated in domestic standards. 304/304L double grade austenitic stainless steel is selected for the cryogenic pipeline of LNG. Polyurethane foam, cellular glass, nitrile butadiene rubber and diene foam are used as cold insulation materials. The leakage collection measures for the layout of ORV pipeline are emphatically introduced, and finally, the key points of the ORV design are analyzed.

The structural design of pipe rack is a major component in the structural design of petrochemical construction. 3D collaborative design, which has advantages of visualization, real-time collaboration and high efficiency, is a developing trend in petrochemical industry. This paper tries to design the pipe rack using 3D software including PDS, SP3D and calculation software STAAD PRO, and discusses in detail the use of the software and the process of calculation, so as to give inspiration to structural engineers to improve the design efficiency and accuracy and promote the wider application of 3D Collaborative Design in the structural design of pipe rack.

This article briefly introduces the development of butane isomerization process and the typical process flow of isomerization. The integrated utilization of energy and the design optimization of key heat exchangers was carried out by simulation with Aspen Plus. The energy and cost savings were analyzed and compared. In product separation section, the stabilizer and isobutane column were thermally coupled to save the consumption of low pressure steam, and better energy-saving effect was achieved by appropriately increasing the stabilizer pressure. In isomerization section, the heat transfer of reaction feed and effluent was optimized. The heat duty of low-temperature feed-effluent heat exchanger was increased by using a spiral wounded heat exchanger, which saved the consumption of high pressure steam and had obvious advantages compared with ordinary shell and tube heat exchangers.

As one of the main energy consumption of central laboratory in petrochemical plant, the energy consumption of ventilation and air conditioning may account for more than 50% of the total energy consumption of buildings. This paper introduces the HVAC energy consumption of central laboratory in petrochemical plant and the energy-saving measures to be taken in the design of HVAC system in central laboratory, including setting up VAV system, optimizing the design of cold and heat sources, adding heat recovery system and optimizing the comfort design. The selection of various energy-saving measures is discussed based on practical engineering cases. In actual engineering projects, HVAC engineers should comprehensively consider the feasibility, economy, energy-saving effect and other factors in combination with the actual situation of projects to select reasonable energy-saving measures.