石油化工设计 ›› 2025, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (3): 49-51.

• 设备技术 • 上一篇    下一篇

某缠绕管式换热器换热管开裂原因

张丛敏   

  1. 湖北省特种设备检验检测研究院宜昌分院 宜昌 443000
  • 收稿日期:2024-10-28 出版日期:2025-08-25 发布日期:2025-08-25
  • 作者简介:张丛敏,男,2012年毕业于武汉工程大学过程与控制专业,工程师,主要从事特种设备、水工机械检验检测,金属材料焊接与热处理,金属结构应力测试分析等工作。联系电话:0717-6342090.

Reasons for Cracking of Heat Exchange Tubes of a Spiral Wound Heat Exchanger

Zhang Congmin   

  1. Hubei Special Equipment Inspection and Testing institute, Yichang, Hubei, 443000
  • Received:2024-10-28 Online:2025-08-25 Published:2025-08-25

摘要: 某公司缠绕管式换热器运行时发生换热管开裂泄漏。采用宏观观察、化学成分分析、硬度测试、金相和断口分析等方法,对TP304换热管开裂进行原因分析。结果表明,换热管发生了氯化物应力腐蚀开裂。壳程介质中含有一定量的Cl-,导致换热管表面钝化膜破裂,形成腐蚀坑。随着腐蚀坑Cl-的富集浓缩,在加工残余应力作用下,开始萌生应力腐蚀裂纹。随着时间推移,裂纹不断扩展,导致换热管贯穿泄漏。

关键词: TP304, 换热管, Cl-, 应力腐蚀开裂

Abstract:

Cracking and leakage of heat exchange tubes occurred during the operation of a spiral wound heat exchanger of a company. By means of macroscopic observation, chemical composition analysis, hardness test, metallographic and fracture analysis, the reasons for the cracking of TP304 heat exchange tubes were analyzed. The results showed that chloride stress corrosion cracking occurred in the heat exchange tubes. The shell side medium contained a certain amount of Cl-, which led to the rupture of passivation film on the surface of heat exchange tubes and the formation of corrosion pits. With the enrichment and concentration of Cl- in the corrosion pits, stress corrosion cracks began to initiate under the action of machining residual stress. With the passage of time, the cracks continued to expand, resulting in leakage through the heat exchange tubes.

Key words: TP304, heat exchange tube, Cl-, stress corrosion cracking